二十四节气·惊蛰|春天破土而出

The 24 Solar Terms·Awakening of Insects | The Advent of the Vibrant Spring Season

1 气候惊蛰过，暖和和

一阵催花雨，数声惊蛰雷。北京时间3月5日10时23分，迎来惊蛰节气。惊蛰过，暖和和，春天总算在江山中坐稳。桃红柳绿，春水初涨；春雷乍响，蛰虫初醒；大地春回，韶光弥漫。

古人这样解释惊蛰：此前，动物入冬藏伏土中，不饮不食，是为“蛰”；到了仲春，天上的春雷惊醒蛰居的动物，称为“惊”。

古人将“惊蛰”分为三种征候：在节气的最初五天里，桃花的花芽开始蓄力而开；接下来的五天里，仓庚（黄鹂）开始鸣叫，用歌喉渲染春天的气氛；后五天里，天气渐暖，很多动物开始繁殖。

Weather  After the Awakening of Insects, days become warm

Rain stimulates the growth of flowers, thunder awakens sleeping insects. At 10:23 on March 5th comes the Awakening of Insects in the 24 solar terms.After the Awakening of Insects, days become warm. Spring has truly arrived in most parts of China. The peach trees are in bloom and the willows are turning green, and the water level is rising. Thunder awakens the hibernating insects. Spring returns to the earth and permeates everywhere.

The ancients explained the Awakening of Insects this way: during winter, animals hide in the soil, not drinking or eating, to “hibernate”; in mid spring, the spring thunder awakens the dormant animals, called “awaken”.

The ancients divided the Awakening of Insects into three phases: in the first five days of this solar term, the peach blossom buds begin to grow and bloom; in the next five days, orioles begin to sing to heighten the atmosphere of spring; in the last five days, the weather gradually warms up and many animals begin to breed.

2 农事 田家几日闲，耕种从此起

惊蛰时节，小麦将陆续返青、起身、拔节，正是多地小麦田间管理和产量形成的关键时期。

在山东，有着朴素智慧的种地“老把式”也争做“新农人”，利用北斗卫星、无人驾驶农机、田间气象站……只要轻点手机，一些种粮大户即可对农作物“把脉问诊”，进而对“症”下药，实现节本增效；大型动力机械、联合作业机械、先进植保机械、智慧农机等更是驰骋纵横，在春天种下仓廪殷实的希望。

Farming  Farmers have few days of leisure, busy since the Awakening of Insects

During the Awakening of Insects, wheat will gradually turn green, stand and joint, which is a crucial period for field management and yield formation of wheat in many places.

In Shandong, the “old masters” of farming with simple wisdom also strive to become “new farmers”. By using Beidou satellites, unmanned agricultural machinery and field meteorological stations and so on, with just a light tap on their phones, some grain growers can “check and diagnose” crops and then medicine the disease, achieving cost savings and efficiency improvement. Large scale power machinery, joint operation machinery, advanced plant protection machinery, intelligent agricultural machinery and others are all galloping cross the fields, planting the hope of a good harvest in the spring.

3 民俗 春雷抖衣裳 与虫话短长

自古以来我国民间就有“数九”习俗，即从冬至起，每九天算一“九”，数“九九”八十一天，到了惊蛰，“九九”已尽。

惊蛰日，山东一带的农民会点燃清香、艾草等物，熏屋宇四角，以其味驱赶蚊虫蛇鼠。有时，会在院子里生火炉烙煎饼，意为烟熏火燎、烧死害虫。鲁南等地的农妇在做早饭前，要拿起灶下的拨火棍子敲击锅台，发出“棒棒棒”的响声，俗说“震虫子”。是日，若是晴天，农妇还会把衣裳拿到院子里一件件抖搂，再晾到丝绳上，谓惊蛰抖衣裳，一年不招虱子、跳蚤。

Custom  Shake clothes when it thunders, hoping the insects stay away

In traditional culture, there is a custom of “Shujiu”. That is, from the Winter Solstice, every nine days counts as one “jiu”, counting 81 days for nine “jiu”. By the time of the Awakening of Insects, “Shujiu” finishes.

On the Awakening of Insects, farmers in Shandong will light incense, mugwort, and other substances to smoke the corners of their houses, using the scent to drive away mosquitoes, snakes, and rats. Sometimes, they make pancakes in the yard, which means killing pests by smoking and burning. Before cooking breakfast, peasant women in southern Shandong and other areas pick up the fire rod under the stove and knock on hearth, making a loud sound, which is commonly known as “frightening insects”. On this day, if it is sunny, peasant women will take the clothes to the yard and shake them one by one, and then hang them on clothesline, which is called shaking clothes on the Awakening of Insects, the lice and fleas will stay away for a year.

4赏景大地回春 新绿映嫣红

惊蛰到，仲春始。此时节，大地回春，齐鲁大地处处新绿映嫣红。

泰山桃花峪景区，花开枝头，唤醒了山谷的寂静。徜徉在林间小道，花香扑鼻，春风拂面。

蓬莱阁，历经寒冬的风雪后，在这个春天里别有一番生机，迎春、玉兰、结香和杏花竞相开放，清香飘逸、鸟儿争鸣。

济南五龙潭景区，绿意盎然，柳枝随风而动，梅花竞相开放，满目春色吸引了许多市民与游客前来赏花。

Scenery  Spring returns to the earth, light green and bright red intertwine

The Awakening of Insects arrives, mid spring begins. At this time, spring returns to the earth, light green and bright red intertwine in every corner of Shandong.

In Mount Tai Taohuayu Scenic Spot, flowers bloom and awaken the silence of the valley. Strolling along the forest path, the fragrance of flowers fills the air, and the spring breeze caresses the face.

Penglai Pavilion, after the wind and snow in cold winter, has a unique vitality in this spring. Winter jasmine, magnolia, oriental paperbush flower and apricot blossom compete to bloom, with a delicate fragrance and birds chirping.

Five Dragon Pool Scenic Area in Jinan is full of greenery. With willow branches swaying in the wind and plum blossoms completing to bloom, the spring scenery attracts many citizens and tourists to come and admire.

策划：姚广宽 刘江波

作者：卢昱 沈静 李洪翠

翻译：毕淑雅

美编：杨秀秀 唐亚迪